@squirbel I think the basic reason that we have not returned to the moon in the past 40 or so years is that we have been unable to reach a “consensus” on whether or not we return to the moon. It think this article, Should We Go Back to the Moon for Helium 3?, gives a pretty good overview of what some of the issues have been regarding going back to the moon.
The article, from October 2009 begins:
Ever since the 40th anniversary of the Apollo Moon landings, NASA has been trying to decide whether or not we should return to the Moon. However, the answer to whether NASA decides to start a Moon colony will depend heavily on how much funding NASA receives, and what scientific value can be gained by going back to the Moon.
(And, yes, the author does say “moon colony” and that is not what this is a discussion about but I think his points are important)
I think those are the core issues.
Financial resources are an important factor in this, not necessarily in terms of whether or not there are funds available, but whether or not there is the public and political will and support to spend those funds on returning to the moon. The other question,” what scientific value can be gained by going back to the Moon?” That’s important too. Is there a valid scientific reason for humans to go back to the moon? Manned, or womanned, space exploration has always been, and continues to be, an inherently dangerous enterprise. The three man crew of Apollo 1, the first manned lunar flight were killed on the ground, we barely got the Apollo 13 crew back alive and we have lost two Space Shuttle crews, one as recently as 2003. This plaque and small aluminun astronaut, a memorial to Fallen Astronauts was place on the moon’s surface in 1971 by the Apollo 15 crew. If we can continue to explore and research the moon with robotic technology, such as the Lunar Rover, is it necessary to risk the lives of our astronauts if there isn’t a valid reason to do so?
Without getting the American taxpayers, the politicians and the scientists to all agree, to reach a consenses on whether or not manned flights to the moon are worth the money, the effort and the danger, well, we just never got back to the moon.
As I and others have mentioned, the U.S. manned lunar missions were driven by particular historical forces and had one basic goal and that was to beat the Russians to the moon and to establish ourselves as the dominant “space power.” I think we’ve been kind of in a “now what?” state, to a certain extent, ever since. What “should” the be the focus of the U.S space program after it accomplished it’s intial goal? That’s been a matter of controversy and debate ever since, I think.
The Constellation program would have returned us to the moon, but Obama nixed that one. Was he right or wrong to do that? I don’t know. The program has critics and supporters and I’m not going to argue about who’s right and who’s wrong.