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Joker94's avatar

Advice for ear training?

Asked by Joker94 (8180points) January 23rd, 2011

I’ve been playing piano for about six years or so, and I’m more accustomed to reading music than I am playing by ear. My friend and I are trying to put a band together, and I was thinking of trying to improve my ear training skills (playing by ear, etc.) Does anyone know of any good methods to develop better skills? (My piano teacher plans to help me, but ear training isn’t her strong suit either)

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11 Answers

harple's avatar

I would say one of the main things to get really confident with is your knowledge of chords – first and second inversions, sevenths etc… Then so long as you can work out what key you’re playing in, you will always be able to improvise around the relevant chords… Obviously this goes hand in hand with being very clued up on all the different keys and knowing all your sharps and flats without having to think about it.

Knowing the general chord progressions that most pieces will incorporate, for example chords I – V – I at it’s most basic, or I – IV – V – I… So in the key of C, going from a C chord to an F chord, to a G chord (G seventh leads nicely back) to the C chord…

I realise this isn’t the ear-training you were asking about, but it will be very important knowledge for you to have to be able to play by ear.

cheebdragon's avatar

Listen carefully….?~

(probably not helpful advice, but it’s just so fucking true.)

Introverted_Leo's avatar

That’s weird—I’m the total opposite!

One thing that’s kinda fun (and you may feel stupid doing it at first) is whenever you hear a sound that has a distinct note to it is to try and guess what it is. Hum it to keep it in your head. Of course, you’ll have to be near a piano or some other instrument to test yourself. I do this sometimes, just for fun, lol.

An example: I was at Long Beach, California, and heard the Queen Mary’s horns go off. It sounded to me like an Ab, but after doing research on the internet I learned it was actually an A. I don’t know if hearing things from a distance distorts pitch quality, but I realized that sometimes I “hear” things a half pitch lower than they actually are. Sometimes, to me an Ab is an A, but that just goes to show that I was getting rusty and needed more practice!

Another thing is you can try to develop an ear for at least one note. If you can remember the sound of a single note, then you can use relativity to figure out any other note you hear. Of course, you have to be good at hearing intervals to guess right the majority of the time, but that’s another thing you can practice using the piano and humming. First, pick a base note, like C. Then, pick an interval—say, a perfect fourth, and try to hum that out loud. After that you can check yourself on the piano by playing C and then the perfect fourth interval (C – F). You’ll know right away how close or far off you were. Once you perfect intervals, you wil have a lot easier time at understanding the relationship between notes just by ear.

About being able to hear one note and knowing you can always identify that one correctly: , some of the notes I can almost always pinpoint and just sing out at random are:
– A (I play viola and the concert tuning pitch for strings is A)
– C (this note just feels like home base to me. Ever watch The Sound of Music and hear them sing the “Do—a dear, a female deer; Re—a drop of golden sun…” song? It starts on the note of C and I always think of this when I hear that note)
– G (many popular songs, if they aren’t in A, D, or C, are in the key of G)
– sometimes E, but I usually have to think of A first (it is a fourth up from A and is the highest string on the violin; I think in terms of strings)
– and D (lots of soundtracks for movies use songs in the key of D—major or minor; it can be quite powerful and moving!)

I have a harder time deciphering black note keys on the piano, though. I can figure them out eventually but I have to think about it in relation to notes that I feel more comfortable with.

These are just some of the methods I use, though taking guesses and immediately testing yourself on an instrument you are most comfortable with is probably one of the best ways to train your ear. I know some people, like @harple, are more at home with chords, and a lot of guitar players think that way. I guess it depends on what instrument(s) are “home” to you and the methods you’ve been taught to help you learn how those instruments work. Certain modes of thinking are going to be more effective for you depending on your primary instrument, and chords work very nicely with the guitar. Piano, too, but again, I learned to play that by ear and I’ve also played viola music, which generally uses fewer chords; so I’m coming from another perspective here.

Anyway, I hope some of that helps. :)

Introverted_Leo's avatar

Edit: C to G is a perfect 5th—I hope you caught that!

sliceswiththings's avatar

@harple Said it all. I play the accordion and through learning it learned to play by ear, something I had never been able to do on piano or guitar before. I learned the I IV V I pattern harple mentioned, in addition to learning relative majors and minors (C and Am are friends, as are F and Dm, Bb and Gm, etc.) If you feel like a minor would work, this will help figure out which one.

Also on the keyboard half of the accordion I figured out easy harmonies, basically doing thirds but sometimes you do a fourth. I figured this out on enough songs to anticipate when the fourth happens instead of a third. So basically my advice is to try to figure out songs by ear paying attention to chord jumps in the left hand and figuring out a melody in the right, then trying to add a harmony.

Good luck!

gasman's avatar

Ear training can mean different things. If you sang or played a wind or string instrument, it might mean learning fine pitch discrimination & the ability to play in tune. This doesn’t apply to piano, whose notes have fixed tuning. You mentioned “playing by ear” which is entirely different. To play music by ear you have to translate the notes you “hear in your head” into actual fingerings on the instrument. The more you play the easier this will become, but it might take years & depends on how well-wired your brain is for this kind of thing (i.e., talent). I’d stick with the basic advice given by @harple.

Axemusica's avatar

I’ve grown quite a precise ear. Even more so, since, the other night at the studio with my singer I figured out a riff on the piano and I don’t even play piano. I really couldn’t tell you how I got my ear to recognize music so well, but I’ve been playing guitar everyday for over 16 years. So, I’m going to go out on a limb here and say that it takes LOTS of time, lol.

Joker94's avatar

Thanks for all the great answers guys! I think it’s gonna take time to get good at this, but I’m prepared to make the effort!

gurnblansten's avatar

Learn interval relationships; one way to do this is by associating each interval with the first two notes of a popular song (e.g In the song “somewhere over the rainbow” there is an octave gap between ‘some’ and ‘where’.) There’s a list on wikipedia you might find useful. This method is just a stepping stone, though. Your goal is to become familiar with the colour and character of each interval.

OliverYoung's avatar

There is a GREAT GREAT program called Earmaster (http://www.earmaster.com).
It is great for training chord progressions, different scales/chord/intervals.

But, that is just one way. The best way, by far if you ask me, is to improvise. Sit down and improvise. Not over a song or with anyone, but all by yourself. After some time, you will really get accustomed to the way the different chords sound when they come after one another.
For example:
One thing I found particular easy to recognize, is VII – i (I might be doing this wrong, we write progressions down in a whole other way in Denmark). By that I mean a progression from fx Bb major to C minor. I find that really easy to recognize, probably because I’ve played around with it alot. Also I – V is easy too.
Anyone, hope it gave some insight! :)
and good luck!

28lorelei's avatar

Learning to sight-sing and doing melodic dictation are both good. I think there are some useful things on teoria.com.

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