I think that a person might prefer to adopt someone with similar ethnicity to their own for another, perhaps more important reason:
Someone I’m close to adopted six children. Two were ethnically similar to her and her husband, North American Caucasian, two were from India, one extremely dark skinned, and two were of Hispanic ethnicity. They were very happy to have children from any ethnicity, and treated and loved them equally.
However, they have since confided in me that they would not do this again. All four of the children who are ethnically diverse have had serious emotional problems around their differences. They were more aware of their difference,because they were so obvious, and experienced mistreatment from others, not of their family, due to these differences. I think that part of their challenges came from living in a very small community where there were not many families who didn’t fit the Caucasian stereotype.
Any adoption can present challenges to the families just due to the childrens’ issues with needing to know more about their background, or feeling as if they weren’t wanted by birth parents, but my observation is that these four children have had additional and deeper emotional issues because they didn’t look like their parents and others in their community. They also were unable to try to locate their birth parents when they reached maturity, because they were in countries far removed from their home, and the records in other countries don’t always allow for such searches.
The two from India had been in an orphanage for nearly a year, and suffered from neglect and developed serious attachment disorders, as well as medical issues which had not been treated. They still, even as adults, demonstrate aspects of the attachment disorders. One has not been able to bond with the mother, who was very fair skinned and blonde, exhibiting a lot of anger and emotional abuse towards her, and the other is pathologically attached to the same mother. The one who rejected her mother was quite attached to the maternal grandmother, who had substantially a darker complexion.
Of course, not all situations will be the same, but in my opinion this must be considered and might be one most important reason why cross-cultural adoptions may be ill advised in some cases. I’d think twice after watching the challenges this family faced.