It’s a complicated problem and there are a lot of reasons why people abuse. This kind of behavior varies depending on age of child (infant to age 18), psychological factors and more. We are talking about things like infanticide, sexual abuse, and other kinds of mental and physical abuse. People do it out of beliefs, out of a sense that babies don’t matter, out of a need for power, out of frustration, and out of being abused themselves (personal history) among other things. The one thing that does not seem to matter is socioeconomic status. Being rich doesn’t keep this particular demon away.
Infants, I believe, are more easily dismissed early on in life. Infanticide is most common at birth, and it is still something that happens dismayingly often in India and China and other places. Indeed, there are ethicists who argue that, morally speaking, an infant who has just been born has no more right to life than one that is in the womb. I believe this is an intuitive understanding that can help some women justify throwing away babies in trash cans or what-have-you.
According to Childhelp, there are more than three million reports of child abuse in the United States each year. By 2010, five children were dying each day from abuse, up from a little over three children a day in 1998. That has got to be an increasing rate of deaths.
Prevent Child Abuse Americal says there are many causes of child abuse. Preventing it requires programs that help families learn how to be good parents from early on in pregnancy. People also have to cope with a history of child abuse. In their fact sheet, they state:
Currently, home visitation is the most innovative and holistic prevention program used in approaching the difficulties of educating and supporting the at-risk family, while at the same time making a wide range of community and professional services available to the family. This strategy is a comprehensive program in which services vary widely in both scope and content. An array of services may be offered, including nurse visitation to monitor the health of an infant and mother, in-home parenting education, and the intervention of a social worker for the purpose of preventing the placement of an infant in foster care. Most importantly, home visitation programs strive to create social networks for new parents by connecting them with other center-, community-, and hospital-based prevention programs. This helps break down the social isolation experienced by many new parents, especially those in poverty stricken communities. Social isolation is a proven risk factor for child abuse.
Psychologically, women can be motivated to sexually abuse children for the same reasons men do. In a BBC article, Mark Easton quotes Michele Elliott, founder of the children’s charity Kidscape and author of the book Female Sexual Abuse of Children: The Ultimate Taboo:
“Women abuse children for the same reason men abuse children – for sexual gratification, for power. Quite frankly it is something they enjoy doing. I know that is hard for the rest of us to comprehend but women are no different than men in that case.”
Another study of female abusers found, “Female perpetrators evidenced marked difficulties in psychological and social functioning. About half had mental problems, both retardation and psychotic illness. More than half had chemical dependency problems, and close to three-fourths had maltreated their victims in other ways in addition to the sexual abuse.”
Not everyone wants children. For some people, children seem to just happen. They are not equipped psychologically to deal with children, and so, what for the rest of is is unthinkable becomes standard operating procedure. Education is the best tool we have to prevent child abuse, but of course, in this era of cutbacks, those kinds of programs are the first to go.