I’m reading your answer again, @Imadethisupwithnoforethought, and trying it from several angles to see if you’re pulling my leg or giving a sly smile with your opening statement, but I’ll take it as it reads literally (and not with the sly smile).
First of all, if I’ve got any wisdom it’s because I’ve managed to learn from my mistakes – a lot of mistakes; way more mistakes than a wise person should lay claim to. I’m just old and opinionated and right about enough things to believe that my opinions about “policy”, even when I don’t know all of the facts about a thing, are still the right opinions to have. A lot of people claim that to be ideology; I just think of it as a stable place from which to begin thinking, since we can never know “all of the facts” (and some of the facts that we think we know are wrong, anyway).
So that’s where I want to start in a discussion with you on these topics. “The facts that we know.”
Roosevelt didn’t “make a middle class”, and the money he committed to Social Security was mine and yours, not anyone’s who was alive at the time. Had he come up instead with IRAs, as a way to enable people to build wealth independently of government largesse, then I might have a different opinion about him. It’s easy to spend money that your grandchildren will have to earn.
Aside from that example, I don’t believe that it’s always a mistake to incur debt, though. The Louisiana Purchase (at least the basics of it: you give us continuous territory on our own continent, and we’ll give you cash) was genius. Ditto the Alaska Purchase. I also don’t have a problem with some capital investment in war machines (ships, fortresses and the navies and armies to man them – and an air force) to defend the nation. I have a problem with spending, what?, something like twice the amount that the next 20 countries combined spend on “defense”? That’s ridiculous.
I don’t know enough about the details of how the canals came to be, or the Transcontinental Railway or Interstate Highway System, for that matter. I understand engineering and construction; I don’t understand back room politicking. (What we hear in the public speeches is not the truth; that much is certain.)
So I understand, for example, that federal mandates are or have been required for interstate building projects such as the rail and highway systems. The feds use their powers of eminent domain to establish routes. No state or private agency in the US could manage to create the Panama Canal, which isn’t even “American” in terms of ownership. The feds foment revolution in Colombia to set up an easily managed government in Panama. I don’t like it, but I understand it. Aside from that, to the extent that these things are made for commerce, I still say, always say, “let those who will benefit build, own and manage the thing”.