These kinds of details, as awful as they are, would have been helpful in getting you the kind of responses you need – the kind you should be getting now from people who read that last post.
Your father is an abuser, obviously.
Because he is irrational about having his way (and yes, he is a controlling man, clearly – I don’t like the term “control freak”, but it’s apropos here), it’s best for you that you not push his buttons or do the things that trigger his wrath, if you can avoid that. Avoid trying to offer honest criticism to help him; you’ve seen what that will earn for you. (Try not to let your relationship with him color your future relationships with all men – a hard thing to avoid, I know.) If he drinks or uses drugs, then by all means avoid him when he’s doing that, or while he’s drunk or hung over.
I do not advocate running away. The dangers to runaways are often far worse than the known dangers of staying in a home with an abusive parent and an enabler. Your mother may have stood up for you once in awhile, but if no one manages to put a stop to his behavior then it generally worsens, and those who don’t even attempt to stop it are enablers. It’s clear from your response that you have tried to stop him peacefully, but you don’t have the power or resources to do that on your own.
I also don’t advocate killing a parent except under extreme and imminent threat of major physical harm or death. So far his abuse does not seem to have risen to that level, but it’s all on a gradient. That could happen.
One thing that I strongly recommend is that you document his behavior in a journal that you take extreme care to keep away from him – and from everyone else in the house as well. (You never know when someone might be forced to reveal your secrets. You know how that can happen.)
In case worse comes to worst and you ever do need to defend your life – or your sister or anyone else – with deadly force, it will help your later defense immeasurably if you can document the specific incidents of abuse that you have suffered. Be sure to list dates and times, specific triggers, what he did, etc. Keep photos of bruises and damage to possessions, too. Unfortunately, for the reasons I mentioned, you can’t trust anyone in the house at this time. If your mother has a sibling you can trust to keep quiet and not feed back to your mother or father, then that would be an adult you might consider starting to confide in.
There is absolutely no reason you should respect parents who will do this to you. But you might have to endure it for awhile longer. You have my sympathy and you have my respect (for whatever that’s worth) that you haven’t tried to resolve this with force on your own. Good luck, dear.