I think it depends on that one means by “United States of Europe”, and the – to me – obvious and purposeful alluding to the name and abbreviation to the USA as an inevitable result of where federalisation would take us. But there are many shapes and breeds of a federation and I think it unlikely that the EU could turn out as an American copy even if we wanted that, even though our history and cultures are intertwined – America being an all-European creation with it’s own unique history.
Here in Europe, we are creating our own future, and the EU is like every new invention a recombination of old ideas, and we are competing as much as we are cooperating, or rather we are cooperating to compete better.
Politically I think we can safely say that no democracies are the same, and regional culture is a collective force changing through time but not at will. If we look at the political systems of the various states of the European Union they differ greatly and this is reflected on the Union level.
I think that the EU is unlikely to become what we today call a country and I think it is our semi-continental Union will always consist of separate nations but with less defined borders in this emerging “civilization state”. It is increasingly common to be multilingual in Europe, and the generations that now grow up does so in a European context, entirely different than the frozen continental terror balance I grew up in.
The multi-speed European confederacy of today is already a union of different levels of integration around what some would call “core Europe”, and suggestions of wider or deeper integration of certain areas of common interests is nothing new.
I am confident that the European currency endures – that even Greece will stay with it – and that we will see federalisation in the Eurozone. I think that any concern that this will leave parts of Europe behind integration-wise as a problem is exaggerated, as this has been – from a continental perspective – the case from the birth of the project, whereas national states have been free to join later on. I believe though, that it is necessary that as many of the Big Six go forward into a deepened union – as I am sure it will happen – but I don’t believe in a new all-European treaty. The British anti-European trenches are too deep for that, even as the British union itself is changing.
It seems to me that some believe Brussels to be a hive of conspiring federalists wanting to create a dystopian society. I see a pot-pourri of people representing a wide range of views on the future of EU, from EU-skeptics to fullblown federalists, socialists and conservatives. Rather, I think we have emerged from a terrible reality symbolized by certain years and dates. 1914, 1917, 1933, 1939, 1945, 1989, 1991, 1995. These years are European, but most of them affected the whole world. We are better off today than ever before. We have never been as free as we are today, and the EU is not threatening that. It is created by and for for those very values that we hold sacred.
I agree with what people like Verhofstadt is saying, that we need a deeper integration in the Union where we create common federal institutions while still applying the maxims of subsidiarity and proportionality.
But I think it’s too early to read in that support for nationalist parties is waning, even though the recent election in the Netherlands is very positive. We’ll see how the coming elections turn out throughout Europe.
Looking at the EU-barometer from the spring – with the autumn survey not yet published – confidence in EU institutions is still generally positive. Even so, I don’t think the European soil is very fertile for great treaty changes in the nearest years, but that what will happen is a tighter and stronger Eurozone.