Nearly three years have elapsed since this question was posted, and I’m still thinking about it. I didn’t know the answer then, and I don’t know it now.
However, I reflect on it just about every time I find myself feeling grateful, or feeling whatever it is that I feel when the label “gratitude” comes to mind. I guess that staying power makes it a great question, so, belatedly, I just GQ’d it.
But I emphatically agree with Mariah’s post above, where she says that gratitude implies a feeling of thankfulness to someone or something. And I too am an atheist who doesn’t believe that there’s some power or entity bestowing grace and favor on me; nor would it be anything but a cop-out (for me) to say that I’m experiencing a sort of generalized indebtedness to the universe or the life process or something.
So what’s going on, then? Well, I think it’s probably a semantic thing as much as anything else. One of the earliest expressions that so many of us are taught is “thank you,” and with that we are taught to recognize and acknowledge the actions of others when they show a kindness, perform a service, present a gift, or enact any number of other large and small positive behaviors toward us. It’s one of the first rituals of social interchange that we learn. And when we know who it is that’s doing something for us, we know to whom we’re grateful (or at least to whom we’re expected to say the words).
When there isn’t an obvious doer, sometimes we feel the same—or perhaps an even stronger—emotion, a blend, it may be, of pleasure, relief, awareness of an unlooked-for success or an unpredicted but welcome outcome (what we might call good fortune); and we call it gratitude because we don’t have another name for it. When my husband’s surgery eliminated a serious life-threatening condition, for example, I felt that—not just toward the surgeon (to whom credit was certainly due) but in an overwhelming nonspecific way. I don’t think that feeling is actually gratitude, precisely because it doesn’t have an object. Maybe it’s simply joy, coupled with a drilled-in sense that any joy we experience has been received from somewhere outside us and comes with an obligation, which we discharge by expressing something like “thanks.”
In other words, I am thinking now—as I write this—that if I feel “grateful” (other than to a known person or source for some specific reason), I am misguided and ought to simply acknowledge a feeling of joy for which I don’t owe anything to anyone. It comes from inside me and doesn’t need any other validation.
Maybe now I’ve answered it after all.