What are some ingenious devices that do not require electricity or chemistry?

Handcuffs, although a little sexual chemistry does help.

Back scratcher
Syringe
Mills run by animals
Green lawn mowers

You might like looking into the technology for this.

Ram pumps have been around for almost 250 years, so they pre-date electricity and steam power. They are an ingenious method to pump water… using water power.

shoe horns.

Solar bulbs. I guess they’re just another type of lens, though.
Human powered helicopter. I have little idea how it works, though I bet it’s a bit like a bicycle.
Zippers. I know how they work – it’s a wedge mechanism, basically.

I know how a loom works – I learned in college and own one I am restoring. I sort of grasp the concept of tumblers, but I admit I still find locks a bit mysterious. Clocks even more so. Gears…yeah that’s all I got. And you just made me realize I have no idea how a stapler works! Off to Wikipedia.

A lot of Leonardo da Vinci’s inventions.

There are a bunch of really old automata that are purely mechanical.

Babbage’s Analytical Engine.

The Antikythera mechanism.

This conference came up with some nifty ideas.

Rubik’s Cube.

pencil
ruler
potato peeler

@Sunny2 At first I thought this was response to this question, and I felt quite bad for you.

Kites
Gliders

Just looking in my desk drawers I find floss, an eraser, pushpins, a nail clipper, a tiny screwdriver, a twistie, and a note to myself to avoid answering these kind of questions. (Just kidding about the last one.)

Everything from the hand axe onward, stopping short of those devices that meet your exclusion.

For instance:
hammer, saw, chisel, wrench, pliers, and all other mechanical hand tools
plow
sailboat – and every other wind-driven or muscle-driven vessel
carriages, carts, and other conveyances drawn by four-legged and two-legged critters
anvil, bellows
knives, spoons
needle, thread, scissors
weaving loom, spinning wheel, potter’s wheel, butter churn
sundial
weapons of all kinds
   on up to
pencil sharpener
icebox (with a real block of ice)
wood stove
can opener
eyeglasses

@filmfann That’s very funny! Thanks for the laugh.

Clay pots
silk fabrics – who ever discovered that weaving cocoon fiber would result in fabric?
Log cabins and furniture
Sealskin/whalebone kayak
bone sewing needles

I find the bicycle to be rather ingenious, and I use it just about every day.

Thanks all!

Some more I thought of:
lateen sail (used for sailing upwind)
slide rule, adding machine, cash register

@CWOTUS , I am going to have to spend some time figuring out exaclty how that works
@PhiNotPi , Did anyone ever get the Analytical Engine to work?

@LostInParadise As far as I know, it has never been built.

The corkscrew and the bottle opener.

only the two most important on the list.