Yes, both. In the workplace this has happened quite a few times. Ever seen the function that says ”—- wants to recall this message”? I always let them recall it, but of course I read it first.
A coworker of mine once clicked “reply all” when she meant to use “forward” and sent to our boss (instead of just to me) a scathing critique of a message we’d both received from the boss. I replied, “It’s been nice knowing you.”
Another coworker accidentally sent to the whole company of more than 400 people an extremely long, piteous message to his brother (written on company time) about his troubled relationship with their father.
I once did the reply-instead-of-forward thing and essentially called the facilities director an idiot for a new policy he’d instituted. As soon as I realized it, I sent a follow-up apologizing for my harsh language but standing by my opinion.
Another time I received a message crabbing about me, written by one coworker to another with a name similar to mine. I replied sweetly, “Did you intend this for me?”
I also fortuitously once sent to the wrong name in a list (to M instead of N) a message meant for a co-worker. It happened at a time when M was publicly questioning my integrity on account of a false statement made by someone else. My message to N, on a completely other subject in another setting, happened nicely to refute those questions through no intention of my own. At the time, I was not responding to anything said by N. But I couldn’t have done better if I’d planned it.
Once in a great while I reply to a whole list when I mean to forward an offlist PM to one person. Luckily none of those has been too awful. One outspoken coworker did this when he thought a project team had made a bad decision; he apologized for nothing and instead said, “Well, now you all know what I think.”
In those cases I always try to remember to add ”[Offlist]” to the subject line to avert heart attacks on the receiving end. And I double-triple-check the “to” address.
And when I’m writing anything sensitive, I don’t fill in the “to” line until the message is done, checked, edited, reedited, and sometimes left to cool overnight. A delay before sending has saved my life more than a few times.