@tups My experience has been that the usage of lagom is neutral-to-positive, often used as a synonym for mediocre, but this is changing. Mediocrity, which produces moderation, is not necessarily considered a bad thing in Swedish culture as it often is in our newer, more boisterous, competitive, often immoderate, breakaway frontier society that has been blessed from the beginning with a wealth of land and resources and climate that traditionally afforded us the luxury of individualism. We have always valued and taken the risks of innovation, and at times to be immoderate—all things that brought us early success. We consider mediocrity a state of boredom, or a result of poor performance, both enemies to a society bent on being the spearhead of success. The Swedes have had a completely different take on mediocrity, but are quickly changing. During my tenure among the Swedes, I found this interesting, and I am going to seize this opportunity to write about it.
We place no value on mediocrity, whereas mediocrity, which produces moderation, can facilitate stability in a society constantly at risk of starvation with a two to three month growing season, a brutal, paralyzing winter, and the traditional enemy,—the Rus, then the tsarists, then the Soviets—Russians, always breathing down their neck. Immoderation, individualism, and innovation all invited risks to this ancient culture, risks they could not afford until the twentieth century, which brought them wealth and democracy under a liberal constitutional monarchy.
There is an old Swedish saying called, “Jänte’s Lag,” which was considered good advice to children—advice that Americans would find appalling: Spiken som väcker det huvudet först, knullas ner. Translation: The nail that sticks it’s head up first, will be pounded down. This comes from a society that, before the twentieth century, valued strict collective order under top-down monarchic rule over individualism and innovation in order to maintain stability and survive their hostile environment and enemies. Moderation, a product of mediocrity, is valued by the collective under constant high risk, as the opposite, immoderation by any individual or group, can easily bring disaster.
Things have changed immensely since the Swedes became a wealthy democracy under a constitutional monarchy—Jänte’s Lag is now considered by the modern Swede a curious maxim of a time not so long past—but the remnants of millenniums of tradition, going back beyond far beyond the Vikings, still lingers.
That’s my take on it, anyway.