No death is going to be quick, painless, and 100% effective. Dying is evolutionarily painful.
If I’m not mistaken, part of the older death penalties was that is was a spectacle. Execution by the cross was an horrendous, elaborate ordeal before it became the symbol of martyrdom and Christ. Then the Romans had to figure out another means, because as miserable as it was for the person to hang there nailed on a cross slowly dying, on display, the message was no longer the same for the other citizens.
Hanging, the guillotine, firing squad, burning, stoning—these are all very brutal and graphic, and are so on purpose. These are public executions. They are supposed to show the rest of the community, ‘don’t be like this guy, because this punishment is horrible.’ I don’t know why we’d want to return to that when we’ve tried so hard to get away from that—
Through lethal injections, it seems we’ve attempted to make executing someone somehow devoid of the cruelty and indecency that for history has been part of executions. And while I think it’s more humane to remove the spectacle, while I think it’s more humane to make it as painless and without torture as possible, I think we’re largely deluding ourselves. Killing is cruel. While the person won’t (so far as we can tell) be in such dreadful pain or be disfigured by lethal injection, they still must walk into the chair, let themselves be strapped in, and await a tiny prick of a stabbing. And while the person won’t be ogled at by the whole community, by making executions a much more private matter we’ve removed this act society commits from society’s eye.
We cannot claim that the executions are for the benefit of the person being killed. Their death is because the society has deemed them undesirable and unredeemable. The society has deemed their death would be more benefit as an example. Punishments are not for the benefit of those who experience them; it is deterrent for everyone else.
This partitioning of the execution removes somewhat the sense that it is a lesson of fear for the society (at least, those in the society who would wrong), but it removes just as much our visual complicity. We live in a mindset that if you do something wrong, something wrong must be inflicted back on you. We know this is an ineffective technique for correcting behavior, and yet we’ve ingested this retributive mentality as if we can somehow balance the score of wrongness, as if it’s a currency and the debts can be matched. And so long as everything is kept beyond our immediate sight (everything is contained in laws and words and descriptions and trials), we can believe this payback to be a moral checkbook. This isn’t how life works. Life is messy. Life bleeds.
(Also, I prefer all the above methods of execution to gas chambers. Didn’t the Nazis use gas chambers because they could mass-kill so many people in such an impersonal and out-of-sight way? The ones that still remain have fingernail claw marks up the concrete walls. It’s not a good way to die, it’s not a good way to ‘teach the public a lesson,’ but it is a sickening and effective way to commit genocide, (which is sickening itself).)