Although you won’t be applying until your senior year, your English teacher has a point in that you should start preparing for this. Everything you learn about scholarships will be transferable, so you can change your mind a dozen times about what you want to study and where, and still use things you learn about the process. Don’t feel like learning about scholarships is being put under pressure to make decisions about your future.
Every funding body has a different application deadline, so you’ll have to look at each one’s website to determine when to apply. You should probably download an application or two to try to fill them out. They take a long time, and shouldn’t be left until the last minute – and this process will help you figure out if you need to get some things done now while there’s still time. Also, and this is very important, you will need to request a handful of reference letters from your profs. Figure out which ones would make good contributions to your application, and work on being noticeable to them, so that when you ask them for a letter, they’ll know who the heck you are.
The difficulty at your age is figuring out who is offering money for your program and for your special circumstances and whether you have a shot at it. If your high school is not offering any help, consider contacting the financial aid office at the school you want to apply to – ask the receptionist if there is anyone you could sit down and talk to about what your choices are. If not, ask if she knows the answer to any of your questions (have a list ready). But before you do any of this, read the information on their website. It’s there to answer the questions most people ask, and it will help you narrow down your list of questions for people when you finally reach someone.
Keep in mind that a lot of scholarship funding bodies do not care whether you know where you will be going to study, but they still ask. In these cases, you end up having to make up a plan – but it is not necessarily something that you will be locked into. So, if you’re applying for a scholarship and are not sure where you will be accepted yet, find out if you can change your major or your school once you get the scholarship. Usually, the answer is yes.
The school you apply to will have a long list of scholarships (actually the one from NYU is shorter than most I’ve seen) that pertain only to that school or that region, so look through these also. Often, these are things that you only apply to after you’re accepted, or only in specific years of university, but not always. They are a royal pain in the ass to read through, and there isn’t a better way (unfortunately) of figuring out which apply to you, so just do it.
There will be other lists in other places (sometimes different types of agencies collect these on websites for students’ perusal), so keep your eyes open.
Above all, don’t panic if once you’ve started the application process, you find it all too much to keep up with right away. In most fields, you can apply again the next year, and the year after that, and the year after that. But wanting scholarship money to appear, poof, the day you start school is only possible if you’re working on it a year ahead of the day you start school. That’s just how it is. The application process, once it starts, will feel like a full time job. You’ll wonder how you have time for it, but you will find it, and everyone else around you is going to be in the same boat, so you’ll have someone to commiserate with.
Good luck!