“The word god is for me nothing more than the expression and product of human weaknesses, the Bible a collection of honourable, but still primitive legends which are nevertheless pretty childish. No interpretation no matter how subtle can (for me) change this.”
—Albert Einstein, in a letter to Eric Gutkind (dated 3 January 1954)
“It was, of course, a lie what you read about my religious convictions, a lie which is being systematically repeated. I do not believe in a personal God and I have never denied this but have expressed it clearly. If something is in me which can be called religious then it is the unbounded admiration for the structure of the world so far as our science can reveal it.”
—Albert Einstein, in a letter to Joseph Dispentiere (dated 24 March 1954)
Most of the misrepresentation of Einstein’s beliefs about God are based on the following statement, made in response to a rabbi asking him if he believed in God:
“I believe in Spinoza’s God who reveals himself in the orderly harmony of what exists, not in a God who concerns himself with the fates and actions of human beings.”
What often confuses people about this statement is that they do not understand the context of it. Spinoza’s God was nature—in other words, no God at all. Indeed, Spinoza was excommunicated as a youth for expressing such views, becoming one of the first secular Jews in recorded history. Later, he was widely declared an atheist by his fellow philosophers.
Both Einstein and the rabbi to whom he was responding, then, would have understood this answer to be a dressed up way of saying “no.” In throwing his lot in with Spinoza, Einstein—who was ethnically Jewish like Spinoza, and who was also quite well-read in philosophy—was declaring himself to be another secular Jew.
As for the bit about agnosticism, Einstein often shied away from the term “atheist” due to its association with a particular sort of vehement opponent of theism. Disliking the attitude, he rejected the label that he associated with it. He was quite clear throughout his life, however, that he found the notion of a personal God quite absurd.