I wanted to return to this, and I’ve actually thought about it, but I really don’t know, because aside from movies, I don’t know about medieval life much. I think you have a point about modern cities and people being rather without defense though. A full scale zombie outbreak would wipe out a modern city pretty quickly, and after that, only an atomic bomb or something equally destructive would destroy the zombies, and any survivors…the military would be extremely efficient at stopping the problem if it was percieved before the outbreak starts, if it can be destroyed by human hands.
Say, a virus, finding the lab or what have you. If it was a curse or the Apocalypse though, forget that.
Our towns and cities are not built for war like medieval ones were, they’re made for working and convenience. We’d have to make do with what we have, and hope the military can neutralize the problem before it gets out of hand.
Medieval places however have great defenses, you could probably stay hauled up in a walled city indefinitely. In fact, what would wipe out the people within would be hunger and disease rather than the zombies. However, if one zombie gets in and spreads the infection inside, everyone is fucked, and quickly. Those great defenses would be the undoing in the end. Where would you escape to if the walls were breached? You’re fucked out of luck out in the fields and forests. As long as the city remains safe though, it’s probably a much safer bet than modern cities.
So yeah, archers and armored soldiers could dispatch the zombies pretty good, but that wouldn’t solve the problem. If the source of the problem must be eradicated, then modern ways win over medieval because of technology. Even if most of it stops working, movies taught me that radio broadcasting will last at least a little while even in the heart of an outbreak. Mind, not that it would help much lol.
The medieval folk, they could defend themselves efficiently until the cows come home if they’re careful, but they could never leave. They could never establish contact with anyone else unless they had messenger pigeons. And even if they did, anyone else out there would probably be stuck like they are. I think people back then would have opted for staying put rather than unleash their armies against zombies. I know medieval folk were probably mostly god fearing folk, but they weren’t dumb. As great and as mighty as say, were the English, their armies were made to fight humans, not monsters. Just like ours today. Great big squares of marching soldiers, trebuchets and shit, they would have to change their tactics, methods and maneuvers greatly to win, and would probably all die while learning to fight these things.
In conclusion, I don’t think it matters much who is doing the fighting, or how, or when…zombies always win.