Here’s my perspective, for contrast.
I don’t really know what a “college safe space” is, or how it works, despite having heard various descriptions on the Internet, all of them different and incomplete, and most of them indignant or outraged about them. So, I dunno about those.
Your literal question here (“Is Fluther nothing more than an internet safe space?”) is easily answered as “no”, because 1) even if it were that, it’s more than that. In fact, it’s mainly a Q&A site with relatively smart and patient people, and 2) I also don’t see how it matches your definition of “safe space” as a site where users are “absolved of the responsibility to defend their ideas, and are granted a place to escape (in my opinion, evade) instead” – either you haven’t fully explained what you mean exactly, or no, I don’t think your right.
In your follow-up answer, you give some more details of what you seem to be thinking. Sounds like you additionally mean that there’s a certain level of agreement on some issues, and that it’s not a safe space to disagree with those.
And to that, I would not agree, but would grant you that there is a community of people who have been here a while and some of them agree on some issues and when a topic gets to one of those, they’ll express their views on it, including disagreeing with people who disagree with them.
I don’t think it prevents people from disagreeing back, so I don’t see that matches your definition of “safe space”, do you?
I’d say it’s more like an unsafe space, unless everyone happens to agree with you, though that sometimes happens.
Certainly I have some opinions that aren’t shared by many, and I sometimes attract some people disagreeing with what I post, but it doesn’t stop me from continuing to disagree back at them.
I don’t think it’s at all accurate that people get treated like a moron for saying they “believe in God”. I’m pretty sure many people have expressed dislike or dissatisfaction with Obama without being called a moron, though they might get called a moron if they say Obama is a non-American or an Anti-Christ out to destroy America. Expressing Trump approval will probably tend to get quite a few unfriendly replies… funny thing, that.
Even if there’s a lot of agreement that Trump is atrocious and that his supporters are amazingly wrong and say so, that hardly makes it a “safe space” so much as a space where they will meet strong disagreement (and ya possibly being called a moron). There are regulars here who supported (support?) Trump. It doesn’t mean they or new Trump supporters can’t also call the anti-Trump people names, though they might well be outnumbered. I’ve been called a few things here myself from time to time. (Well, personal attacks aren’t allowed, but some remarks might slip past, and saying strong things about people’s ideas can fly im social.)
The other points you mentioned about your own positions really don’t add up to right-wing at all. I personally identify as neither left nor right but I tend to measure on scales that try to force a left/right position as far off the left side of the scale, but I agree with all seven of the positions you mentioned, and don’t think any of them are right-wing except possibly for the right to arm bears & bear arms.