@Yellowdog Leaving the issue of Jews for Jesus aside, let me try to answer the second part of your post. @KNOWITALL and you can correct me if I’m wrong here. Christianity (any denomination) “requires” that there is a divine God who sent his only Son to Earth. The Son died for everybody’s sins, and to be “saved” you must accept that he died for you. This requires a belief in God and by having faith.
Judaism is very different, and is best described by the following parable which I will paraphrase:
A Gentile being kind of a smart-ass goes to Rabbi Shammai and says, “I will convert to Judaism if you can teach me everything while I stand on one foot”. Rabbi Shammai throws him out.
The same Gentile goes to Rabbi Hillel and says, “I will convert to Judaism if you can teach me everything while I stand on one foot.”
Rabbi Hillel says: “What is hateful to you, do not your neighbor. All the rest of commentary. Now go and study!”
That’s it. The core tenent of Judaism is just that. Judaism is at its root a humanistic religion. You are perfectly free to believe in God, but belief in God has nothing to do with what Rabbi Hillel said (or as you probably know it, the “Golden Rule”). Ceremony, music, food, celebration and family are important. God isn’t. Now, if you go to a service, it will be “God this, and God that”, no question. But it’s ritual and tradition. Many believe, but many do not.
I have another story. I was trying to explain exactly this to an Evangelical Christian colleague of mine. She didn’t get it either. I went through this explanation as we were walking and I see a guy across the grass. The conversation went thusly:
“Hey David!”
“Yeah?”
“You’re an atheist Jew, right?”
“Of course!”
I then turned to my colleague and said, “See??”
It’s really that simple. And Bill and Ted said it even more succinctly:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_yJFLvmjJY
To close, my grandfather was a Jew who fled Russia before the Bolsheviks took over in 1917; in fact he was on one of the last boats out. He was an Orthodox Jew until he died at 103, and to the day he died he was also an atheist. He told me, “I don’t believe in God, but I believe in being Jewish.”
I hope that helps.