@RedDeerGuy1 The very poor don’t pay income tax, but they do still pay social security tax, Medicare tax (on their income). I guess the EIC refund maybe covers some of that. The first $12k of earnings is automatically exempt from income tax.
The people who make quite a bit of money also have the first $12k exempt, plus they often are putting money into retirement funds, which easily makes another $19k (or more depending on their healthcare plan) exempt if they work for a company. If they are self employed it can be double that is exempt, I don’t remember the limits. Business owners also write off other expenses depending on the type of business. Cars, phones, computers, etc. The small business owner gets to do this too, they may make only $35k a year, but write off $15k, so they pay almost no tax, because their income is taxed at $20k minus the $12k exemption everyone gets.
Low income people still pay sales tax, and they have to use all of their money to exist, so every penny they make is taxed that way. High income people save a bunch of money and it just grows more money.
However, the very poor also can apply for assistance, like food stamps and Medicaid, which easily is worth $5k to $15k a year depending where you live. Much much more if you have an illness, but I’m just talking about the equivalent of paying for health insurance.
The problem is a lot of low income people make too much money for assistance, but don’t make enough to get ahead of the game, it’s a constant struggle.
Lastly, capital gains income, like selling investment property, is taxed much lower. Real estate is a great business if you get lucky. Although, if you are middle income you do well here, because if you make under $78k adjusted gross a year you pay zero tax on capital gains. If you make more your tax is 10–15%. Much lower than income you work every day for. If you own the house you live in for 2 or more years, and you sell, and you are single, the first $250k in profit is tax free. If you are married $500k is tax free. There are people who move every 2 years for the free money if the real estate market is good. It’s harder for lower income people to even buy a house. Houses come with expenses though, so the profits aren’t always as big as they seem, but still it’s a benefit.
The taxation in America is very complicated.