I think many of the questions posed have answers in the bible.
Abortion for or against: Many passages deal with this idea. Matthew 18:10 for example: “See that you do not despise one of these little ones. For I tell you that their angels in heaven always see the face of my Father in heaven
permitting homosexuality: Leviticus 18:22–24 22 “ ‘Do not have sexual relations with a man as one does with a woman; that is detestable. 23 “ ‘Do not have sexual relations with an animal and defile yourself with it. A woman must not present herself to an animal to have sexual relations with it; that is a perversion. 24 “ ‘Do not defile yourselves in any of these ways, because this is how the nations that I am going to drive out before you became defiled.
Freedom of religion or non-religion: This one has several aspects. From the 10 Commandments: Commandment 1 I am the LORD your God, which have brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. You shall have no other gods before me. Commandment 3 You shall not make unto you any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth: You shall not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me; And showing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my Commandments. Then we get into the idea of not believing in him (please note that Jesus did not support any given religion) Matthew 17:17 And Jesus answered and said, “You unbelieving and perverted generation, how long shall I be with you? How long shall I put up with you? Bring him here to Me.
Allowing Divorce: Matthew 5:32 But I say to you that everyone who divorces his wife, except on the ground of sexual immorality, makes her commit adultery, and whoever marries a divorced woman commits adultery. Matthew 19:6 So they are no longer two but one flesh. What therefore God has joined together, let not man separate.” Corinthians 7:10–11 To the married I give this charge (not I, but the Lord): the wife should not separate from her husband (but if she does, she should remain unmarried or else be reconciled to her husband), and the husband should not divorce his wife.
I don’t understand the question about the Constitution in other nations. There are discussions in the bible concerning man’s government though. Matthew 22:15–22 Then the Pharisees went and plotted how to entangle him in his words. And they sent their disciples to him, along with the Herodians, saying, “Teacher, we know that you are true and teach the way of God truthfully, and you do not care about anyone’s opinion, for you are not swayed by appearances. Tell us, then, what you think. Is it lawful to pay taxes to Caesar, or not?” But Jesus, aware of their malice, said, “Why put me to the test, you hypocrites? Show me the coin for the tax.” And they brought him a denarius. And Jesus said to them, “Whose likeness and inscription is this?” They said, “Caesar’s.” Then he said to them, “Therefore render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.” When they heard it, they marveled. And they left him and went away.
Each of these questions has many other answers throughout the bible. These are not loose ends. They are usually things that secular folks do not like about the bible.