There is a lot to this question. It isn’t just A prophecy, it is Prophecies. It began with the Abrahamic Covenant described in Genesis 12:1–3:
1 Now the Lord said to Abram, “Go forth from your country, And from your relatives And from your father’s house To the land which I will show you;
2 And I will make you a great nation, And I will bless you, And make your name great; And so you shall be a blessing;
3 And I will bless those who bless you, And the one who curses you I will curse. And in you all the families of the earth shall be blessed.”
God went on in Genesis 12:7; 13:14–16; 15:1–6; 15: 8–21; 17:1–8; and 22:15–18 to reaffirm this covenant, make it everlasting, and to spell out what the boundaries would be. It was later reaffirmed to Abraham’s son (Isaac) and grandson (Jacob). This is a depiction of what God said would be the land he gave to the ancestors of Abraham. And this would be the line from Sarah since God reaffirmed it to her offspring (Isaac) and his line.
But this leads us to other prophecies. In Zechariah 12 we see this:
12 A prophecy: The word of the Lord concerning Israel.
The Lord, who stretches out the heavens, who lays the foundation of the earth, and who forms the human spirit within a person, declares: 2 “I am going to make Jerusalem a cup that sends all the surrounding peoples reeling. Judah will be besieged as well as Jerusalem. 3 On that day, when all the nations of the earth are gathered against her, I will make Jerusalem an immovable rock for all the nations. All who try to move it will injure themselves. 4 On that day I will strike every horse with panic and its rider with madness,” declares the Lord. “I will keep a watchful eye over Judah, but I will blind all the horses of the nations. 5 Then the clans of Judah will say in their hearts, ‘The people of Jerusalem are strong, because the Lord Almighty is their God.’
6 “On that day I will make the clans of Judah like a firepot in a woodpile, like a flaming torch among sheaves. They will consume all the surrounding peoples right and left, but Jerusalem will remain intact in her place.
7 “The Lord will save the dwellings of Judah first, so that the honor of the house of David and of Jerusalem’s inhabitants may not be greater than that of Judah. 8 On that day the Lord will shield those who live in Jerusalem, so that the feeblest among them will be like David, and the house of David will be like God, like the angel of the Lord going before them. 9 On that day I will set out to destroy all the nations that attack Jerusalem.
The bible goes on to talk about Israel would be scattered and regathered towards the beginning of the End of Times (Ezekiel 37–38). Some people see the Jews spreading out around the world as being the scattering but after the Holocaust they started to move back to Israel. Obviously not all, but many. That is seen as the regathering. When that happens it is said that the nations will attack Israel, specifically Magog (a nation to the north of Israel) and Persia (Iran). It is interesting that there are only 3 nations directly north of Israel: Turkey, Ukraine, and Russia. And right now Russia is trying to take over Ukraine and is working with Iran to give them arms.
There are other prophecies mentioned throughout the bible, both in the Old Testament and the New. But if you are really interested I suggest doing some searches to find out what they are.