Calling someone a name based on their race. “You _________!” or “Hey, _________!”
Refusing to allow them to associate with you or yours solely because of their race. An example is not inviting a child to a birthday party because she is black, Hispanic, arab, etc. Another is not allowing members of certain racial groups to join your club, come into your house, work at your company, or sit at your table. This can be outright as in signs that say “No ___________ allowed” or it can be subtle “Sorry, that seat’s taken.”
Denying someone an opportunity because of their race. “We have too many ____________ in our school already so we can’t admit you.” is the overt form. The subtle form is claiming another candidate is more qualified in order not to hire someone because of their race.
Assuming someone has a personality characteristic solely because of their race. “Of course he’s _________; he’s _________.” “All __________ are __________.” “I thought all _______________ liked _____________.”
All of this can happen to various degrees. Folks can flat out say something or do something, they can make excuses so they aren’t exposed to a different sort of person, or they can feel uneasy simply because another person has a different skin color or hair type.
People can also be surprised by something such as an accent associated in their mind with one racial group coming out of the mouth of someone of another. There was a comedian I enjoyed who played on this heavily – his parents were from Korea and he was born and raised in Tennessee. He often started his act by coming on stage and saying in his broadest Tennessee twang “What’s wrong with this picture?” This is racism, too, but not necessarily a bad thing.
One of the reasons that racism is hard to root out is that there is a hard-to-discern line between honest personal preference and believing in a stereotype based on one fact about a person or a group of people. It is also a very personal experience. If someone calls me a name I tend to ignore it (unless they have a gun in their hand at the time), but my son gets much more worked up about it. If someone denies me something because of my ancestry I tend to figure out a way around it, joke about it, or sometimes prove them wrong and get it anyway. Then someone like that comedian makes his living by poking fun at such misconceptions.
In reference to the cartoon in the Post, Al Sharpton’s response was to yell in public about it, but that is what he does – it is his role in life. My son’s response was “Huh? I don’t get it.” Mine was “I wonder if they meant that or not. The meaning of this piece is really unclear. The editor wasn’t thinking when he/she approved that.”