What should I be doing to prevent damage to my knees in the present and the future caused by running/ jogging?

So, i guess i have heard before that running damages knees, i just never really took it into much consideration seeing as i always thought of running as a great exercise. I was just reminded today. Now i’m afraid that i may be causing unwanted injuries for myself.

Since this summer started, I have been jogging quite often and obviously more than i used to. I started off with a mere 20 minutes a day, then 30, and now 40 minutes starting yesterday. After my 40 minute jog yesterday, i noticed my knees were a bit sore or felt out of the ordinary. And i just finished my 40 minute jog today on my treadmill and i have the same feeling in my knees. A “the Simpsons” episode was what i was watching as i was jogging on my treadmill, and it mentioned damaging knees by running, and that’s when it hit me… the question was “Am I damaging my knees right this moment?”

Is my jogging transition from 30 minutes to 40 minutes too much? Should I be feeling this weird soreness in my knees? How do i not damage my knees in the long run? What will happen in the future from all this jogging/ running that I am doing everyday?