1. Types of hormonal contraception: Almost all kinds of birth control are hormonal. The pill, the patch, the ring, the shot, the implant, and one type of IUD all use hormones. Specifically, they use either progestins (a synthetic progesterone analog) alone, or progestins along with estrogen.
2. Timing: The pill needs to be taken every day. The patch and the ring only need to be changed once per cycle. A depo-provera shot lasts for 3 months. The implant (Implanon) lasts for 3 years. An IUD lasts for 5 years or more.
3. Effectiveness: As far as I know, every type of hormonal contraception is 99% effective or better with perfect use. Since the pill has to be taken every day, there is a lot more room for error, and with typical use it is about 90% effective. The other ones I mentioned clock in a lot closer to 99%.
4. Alternatives: The only non-hormonal contraception that is as effective is the copper IUD. It lasts 5 years, has no hormones, is entirely reversible, and is better than 99% effective with no room for error. Once it’s in, you don’t have to do anything.
Other types of non-hormonal contraception, like spermicide, withdrawal, and diaphragms are at best about 95% effective, and in reality as low as 65%.
5. Discontinuation: Approximately 50% of women taking birth control pills discontinue them within three months because they became unable to tolerate the side-effects.
Doctors don’t actually have a way to tell whether a particular woman will react well or poorly to a given pill. All they can really do is guess and check.
Good luck to both of you.