I went to two very different American elementary schools. This was a number of years ago, and perhaps things have changed, but it went a little something like this:
From the age of 5 to the age of 11 I went to elementary school most every weekday. At five it was kindergarten, so it was mostly very basic, and we took a mid-day nap. From age 6 (first grade) through age 11 (6th grade) things got a bit more intense. Beginning in first grade we had lessons in reading, writing, and math. At some point we got social studies and science added to the mix. I left home early in the morning and rode on a yellow bus with metal framed bench seats that were probably horribly unsafe to get to school. Some days one or several bullies would heap scorn and occasionally clumps of dirt or blows upon us at the bus stop. Most days not. Once at school I sat at a very uncomfortable desk, and at the start of the class period would stand for the pledge of allegiance. Then the teacher would lecture to us, write things on the board, have us read aloud, sometimes we would have art class. In one school we actually changed classrooms, bringing our supplies along in our desk drawer. Their there were usually two grade levels in a single classroom, and you were assigned to each class by your achievement level, not by your particular grade. Then I returned to a more typical school and was lumped into one big class with other kids based almost solely on age. We started getting homework around fifth grade, and I steadfastly refused to do it. In sixth grade we started migrating classrooms again, one room and teacher for math and science, one for English and social studies. This school was a bit overcrowded so our sixth grade classes were not in the main building, but in portable classrooms (basically trailer homes). Out math and science teacher was the coolest, but I didn’t have her for homeroom. She had snakes and rodents in the classroom. Also let gets lounge about while reading or doing individual work.
There was also recess, a free half hour or so usually spent outside running around, climbing things, playing games, being bullied, and evading bullies.
Then there was P.E., or physical education. We didn’t really call it gym class, because there was no gym. Usually it worked like this – we all lined up, and the coach told us to go run laps. We would run around a dirt track in the heat and humidity. Sometimes we did calisthenics. Sometimes we ran the ridiculous obstacle course. Once I smacked my knee on one of the bars we were supposed to vault over. It was excruciating. I was made fun of and told to get up and keep going. Sometimes we played basketball, kickball, dodgeball, any game with a ball where the smaller, weaker, slower could be tormented for their lack of ability. Once in kickball I managed a kick that hit a big bully of a girl who was pitching right in the stomach, and she literally flipped over the ball and fell on her back. I made it to second base. This was my greatest athletic accomplishment. Then we sometimes had to do the Presidential Physical Fitness test, at which I failed miserably. I did pretty well on the flexibility test, though. And we also had a track and field day, at which we got to run some more, but this time with a timer and all at once so we could see how pathetic we were. The running path was also a great venue for bullies and fights, and I was reduced to tears at least once by a blow to the stomach.
Lunch was terrible processed food served on a military surplus tray in a room full of kids. We paid for it with lunch tickets that our parents bought, perhaps to hide the shame of the kids whose lunches were paid for by the state, since they had lunch tickets too.
At the end of the day I would ride the bus back home again, usually getting home by 3. Since there was no need to wait at the bus stop, bullying was more easily avoided.
At the school where we changed classes I actually walked to school, about two miles. Also at that school we brought our own lunches. That school was all white. Not by mandate, but simply by location. My other elementary school was still overwhelmingly white, but there were some minority students.
That should give you some information. Covers a lot of what I remember on a general level.