Hi, Les!
I live here in Monterey. If you are actually working in Monterey itself, the closest towns are Carmel, Pacific Grove, Pebble Beach, Seaside and Marina.
Carmel, Pebble Beach and Pacific Grove are the highest-priced towns in the area, all west (and sort of south-ish – see a map to see what I mean) of Monterey. They are also more prone to fog than the other towns on the list. Pebble Beach is known for its legendary golf course and multi-million dollar homes. Carmel has these amazing fantasy cottages – it was an artists colony in the 1920s and still is very strong in the arts. Pacific Grove was once a Methodist summer camp (I kid you not!) and has a number of teeny-tiny Victorian cottages. It’s very picturesque. Carmel has a reputation for a more mature population. Pacific Grove tends to be extremely quiet at night.
This recent article from the Telegraph gives some idea of the safety of Carmel and surrounding areas: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/personal-view/6890726/The-secret-behind-Clints-crime-free-Pacific-paradise.html
Seaside and Marina, both north of Monterey, were the bedroom communities for people tied to the Fort Ord military base. Fort Ord was decommissioned in the ‘90s. A number of the houses for rent there are former military housing (in fact, two friends of mine moved into one of these buildings over the weekend). These towns have a reputation for being more “blue collar” than Pebble, Carmel or PG, with a more ethnically diverse population. The rents here are generally lower.
The tiny town of Sand City is about one square mile in a corner of Seaside; there’s a lot of artists living there.
Monterey is split in half by the Presidio. Old Monterey has the Del Monte Center, the Naval Postgraduate School, and Fisherman’s Wharf, and most of the historic buildings. It shares a border with Seaside. New Monterey shares a border with Pacific Grove and has Cannery Row and the Monterey Bay Aquarium. Costs in New Monterey are theoretically lower, but when we moved here we actually found our best deals near the Del Monte Center, so YMMV.
If there is a bad neighborhood in Monterey itself, I don’t know of it. The one piece of advice I would give is, if you plan to drive rather than bike or walk to work, you should live on the same side of the Presidio as you work on. The Presidio is the town’s big traffic choke point; your two choices to get around it are Lightouse and Hwy. 68.