I think my Catholic doctrine book from the 1950s is quickly becoming my most referenced book for answering Fluther Q’s.
“Mortal sin is a grievous offense against the law of God… Examples are blasphemy, wilful (sic) murder, adultery, arson, robbery, etc… Mortal sin occurs as soon as God is no longer our final end in our thoughts, words and actions… Each mortal sin is a three-fold insult to God: by disobedience, ingratitude, and contempt… [Extenuating] circumstances enhance or decrease the guilt of the sin.”
“This sin is called mortal, or deadly, because it deprives the sinner of sanctifying grace, the supernatural life of the soul… Without sanctifying grace, the soul is displeasing to God, unclean and can never behold Him or be with Him in heaven… without God, the devil makes the soul his habitation.”
“During all the time the sinner remains in mortal sin, all his good works do not help him to heaven.”
“However numerous the merits previously earned by the sinner, if he dies with only one mortal sin on his soul, he goes to hell forever.”
Three criteria:
1. The sin must be seriously wrong or considered seriously wrong.
2. The sinner must be mindful of and have full knowledge and reflection or attention that what he does is grievous and seriously wrong.
Stealing a diamond that one believes is glass does not equal full knowledge. Carelessly tossing a lit match into a gas tank is not full attention.
3. The sinner must fully consent to it. He must do it of his own free will.
“Mortal sin is the greatest evil in all the world.”