Here are some things I can tell you about my daily work in the field.
As a freelance copyeditor for book publishers, I spent an average of six full-time weeks per title, editing authors’ manuscripts with a pencil. It’s not done with a pencil any more, or so I understand, but the work is probably about the same. These were college and graduate school textbooks, hence at a fairly high level, but nonetheless written by authors who were experts in their subject matter, not professional writers. For the typical job I had the following responsiblities:
— read for sense, continuity, clarity, and overall structure and flow
— write queries to the author and to the production editor
— check grammar, punctuation, and spelling
— ensure compliance with house style and specified style guides
— check all cross-references, tables, and figures
— verify all bibliographic references and glossary entries
— edit bibliographies
— edit glossaries
— sometimes create indexes
As an in-house editor of technical documentation, I handled documents ranging in length from a single page to several thousand. In most cases I was working to a fairly rigid set of specifications or requirements that governed the structure and format of the document, the treatment of technical terms, and a very broad application of style that covered everything from how you use en dashes in text versus in tables to what you do when a software engineer uses an acronym as a verb. There were times when I spent half a day on a two-page document. There were times when I passed a 400-page manual in review in two short hours. The two principal concerns were technical accuracy and compliance with guidelines. Sometimes nobody cared how bad the writing was as long as you signed off and it went out on time. The market for this type of work is disappearing; somehow as the writing goes overseas to non-native speakers of English, the need for native-English-speaking editors is thought to decline.
As an editor of small publications such as club newsletters and magazines ranging in circulation from 25 to 50,000, I had a pretty free hand within the definition of the publication’s function. I solicited, selected, accepted and rejected contributions, wrote content as needed, guided rework, copyedited, dictated page makeup, selected or ordered artwork, oversaw staff, in some cases did the actual page composition myself, proofread, and checked page proofs.
As a freelance editor for private clients, I assessed the needs of the document and ascertained the expectations of the client, estimated the scope of the task, defined our mutual understanding, and edited at the appropriate level for the document and its intended audience and purpose, whether a sales flyer for carpet cleaning or a contributed chapter in a philosophy book.
In all cases I supply clean, grammatically correct, clear and readable prose at the appropriate level of formality for the purpose, an analytic article for an academic journal on the one hand and casual, idiomatic narrative for a novel on the other.